Ngā tūponotanga o te wera nui o ngā whakawhiti hiko:
1. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka pā te kino o te whakamarumaru o te whakawhiti hiko i te wera nui, ā, ka whakaitihia te ātete ngaohiko me te kaha miihini o te rauemi whakamarumaru i te pikinga o te pāmahana. E ai ki te IEC 354 "Ngā Aratohu Utaina Mahi Whakawhiti" (IEC 354), ina tae te pāmahana tino wera o te whakawhiti hiko ki te 140°C, ka puta he mirumiru hau i roto i te hinu, ka whakaitihia te whakamarumaru, ka puta rānei he mura ahi, ka pakaru te whakawhiti hiko.
2. He nui te pānga o te wera nui o te whakawhiti hiko ki tōna roanga mahi. Ina ko te akomanga ātete wera o te whakawhiti hiko he Akomanga A, ko te pāmahana rohe o te whakamātao o te takai pupuri pairati he 105°C. E whakatau ana a GB 1094 ko te rohe pikinga pāmahana toharite o ngā takai whakawhiti hiko rumaki-hinu he 65K, ko te pikinga pāmahana hinu o runga he 55K, ā, ko te matua rino me te tāke wahie he 80K. Mō te whakawhiti hiko, i raro i te kawenga kua whakatauria, ko te wāhi wera rawa o te takai ka whakahaeretia i raro i te 98°C, ko te nuinga o te wā ko te wāhi wera rawa he 13°C teitei ake i te pāmahana hinu o runga, arā, ko te pāmahana hinu o runga ka whakahaeretia i raro i te 85°C.
Ko te wera nui o te whakawhiti hiko ka kitea nuitia hei pikinga rerekē o te pāmahana hinu. Ko ngā take matua ko:
(1) Te taumaha rawa o te whakawhiti hiko;
(2) Ka rahua te taputapu whakamatao (kāore rānei i te tino whakauruhia te taputapu whakamatao);
(3) Te hapa ā-roto o te whakawhiti hiko;
(4) Kei te hē te whakamōhiotanga a te taputapu tohu pāmahana.
Ina kitea he tino teitei rawa te pāmahana o te hinu whakawhiti hiko, me tirotiro takitahi ngā take pea i runga ake nei, ā, me whakatau tika. Ko ngā kaupapa matua o te tirotiro me te maimoatanga koia ēnei:
(1) Mena ka tohu te taputapu whakahaere kua taumaha rawa te whakawhiti hiko, he rite tonu ngā tohu o ngā inemahana toru-wāhanga o te rōpū whakawhiti hiko kotahi-wāhanga (tērā pea he rerekētanga iti noa iho), ā, he noa te whakawhiti hiko me te taputapu whakamatao, ko te pikinga o te pāmahana hinu nā te taumaha rawa. Ka aroturukihia e te whakawhiti hiko (te kawenga, te pāmahana, te tūnga mahi), ā, ka ripoata tonu ki te tari tuku hiko matua. E taunakihia ana kia whakawhitihia te kawenga hei whakaiti i te maha o te taumaha rawa, hei whakapoto hoki i te wā taumaha rawa.
(2) Ki te kore te taputapu whakamatao e tino whakauruhia, me whakauru tonu. Ki te kore e mahi tika te taputapu whakamatao, me kimi wawe te take, me whakatika tonu, ā, me whakakore te hapa. Ki te kore e taea te whakakore tonu i te hapa, me aro turuki tonu te pāmahana me te kawenga o te whakawhiti hiko, ā, me ripoata ki te tari tuku hiko matua me ngā tari whakahaere whakaputa e pā ana i ngā wā katoa kia whakaitihia ai te kawenga whakahaere o te whakawhiti hiko, kia mahi ai i runga i te uara e rite ana o te mahi whakamatao me te kawenga o te taputapu whakamatao e rite ana.
(3) Mena ka tukuna e te taputapu ine pāmahana mamao he tohu whakaoho pāmahana, ā, he teitei te uara pāmahana kua tohua, engari kāore te tohu ine pāmahana i te papaanga i teitei, ā, kāore he hapa kē atu i runga i te whakawhiti hiko, tera pea he whakaoho teka o te hapa o te ara iahiko ine pāmahana mamao. Ka taea te whakakore i tēnei momo hapa ina tika.
Mena ka piki te pāmahana hinu o tētahi wāhanga i roto i tētahi rōpū whakawhiti-wāhanga-toru, he nui ake i te pāmahana hinu whakahaere o taua wāhanga i raro i te kawenga me ngā āhuatanga whakamatao kotahi i mua, ā, he noa te taputapu whakamatao me te inemahana, tera pea nā te whakawhiti wera o roto i puta ai. Mena ka puta he hapa, me whakamōhio atu ki te tohunga kia tangohia tonutia he tauira hinu mō te tātaritanga chromatography hei tirotiro anō i te hapa. Mena ka whakaatuhia e te tātaritanga chromatography he hapa o roto i te whakawhiti, kei te piki tonu rānei te pāmahana hinu i raro i ngā āhuatanga kawenga me te whakamatao o te whakawhiti, me whakamutu te whakawhiti i runga anō i ngā ture o te wāhi mahi.