I tēnei wā, ko te whakamahinga hangarau o te pākahiko lithium i roto i te rokiroki pūngao e aro nui ana ki ngā mara o te tuku hiko tūmatanui teihana turanga whatunga, te pūnaha rokiroki whatu kāinga, ngā waka hiko me ngā teihana utu, ngā taputapu hiko, ngā taputapu tari kāinga me ētahi atu mara. I roto i te wā o te Mahere Tau Rima 13, ka ārahi te mākete rokiroki pūngao o Haina i roto i te mara o ngā ratonga tūmatanui, me te urunga mai i te taha whakaputa me te tuku hiko ki te taha kaiwhakamahi. E ai ki ngā raraunga, ko te rahinga tono o te mākete rokiroki pūngao pākahiko lithium i te tau 2017 he tata ki te 5.8gwh, ā, ka piki haere tonu te wahanga mākete o te pākahiko lithium-ion i ia tau i te tau 2018.

E ai ki ngā āhuatanga tono, ka taea te wehewehe i ngā pākahiko lithium-ion ki te whakamahinga, te hiko me te rokiroki pūngao. I tēnei wā, he tino uara te pākahiko lithium mana me te pākahiko lithium rokiroki pūngao i roto i te umanga. E ai ki ngā matapae a ngā tohunga whai mana, e matapaetia ana ka piki te ōwehenga o te pākahiko lithium mana i roto i ngā tono katoa o te pākahiko lithium i Haina ki te 70% i te tau 2020, ā, ka noho te pākahiko mana hei kaha matua mō te pākahiko lithium. Ka noho te pākahiko lithium mana hei kaha matua mō te pākahiko lithium.

Ko te tere o te whanaketanga o te umanga pākahiko lithium te take nui o te kaupapa here e whakatairanga ana i te whanaketanga o te umanga waka hiko hou. I te marama o Āperira 2017, i roto i te "mahere whanaketanga wā-waenga me te wā-roa" hou o te umanga motuka, i kī te Manatū Ahumahi me te Hangarau Mōhiohio o te Repupirita o Haina me eke te hanga me te hoko o ngā waka hiko hou ki te 2 miriona i te tau 2020, ā, me eke ngā waka hiko hou ki te neke atu i te 20% o te hanga me te hoko o ngā waka i te tau 2025. Ka kitea ko ngā umanga hiko hou me te penapena hiko matomato me ētahi atu umanga tiaki taiao ka noho hei pou tokomanawa nui o te hapori a meake nei.

I roto i te ia o te hangarau pākahiko hiko ā muri ake nei, kei te huri te toru hei ia nui. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā pākahiko lithium cobalt oxide, lithium rino phosphate me lithium manganese dioxide, he āhuatanga o te pākahiko lithium toru ko te kiato kaha teitei, te tūāpapa ngaohiko teitei, te kiato tap teitei, te mahi huringa pai, te pumau hikohiko me ētahi atu. He mārama ngā painga ki te whakapai ake i te whānuitanga o ngā waka hiko hou. I te wa ano, he pai anō hoki ōna painga o te kaha whakaputa teitei, te mahi pāmahana iti pai, ā, ka taea te urutau ki ngā pāmahana huarere katoa. Mō ngā waka hiko, kāore e kore ko te nuinga o ngā kaihoko e āwangawanga ana mō tōna manawanui me tōna haumaru, ā, he pai ake te kōwhiringa pākahiko lithium-ion.

I te tere o te pikinga o te tono mō ngā waka hiko, kua tino piki ake te tono mō te pākahiko lithium-ion hiko, ā, kua noho koia te tino kaha e akiaki ana i te tipu o te umanga pākahiko lithium-ion. He hua tino pakari te pākahiko lithium. I whānau mai i te tekau tau atu i 1980, ā, kua roa te wā e pāngia ana e te ua me te auahatanga hangarau. I taua wā anō, ahakoa te tukanga hanga, te whakangaromanga rānei o te pākahiko lithium, kāore e kino ki te taiao, he mea e rite ana ki ngā tono o te whanaketanga pāpori o nāianei. Nō reira, kua noho te pākahiko lithium hei kaupapa matua o te whakatupuranga hou o te hiko. I roto i te wā waenga, ko te whakapai ake i te hangarau kawe waka o nāianei te kaupapa matua o te whakapai ake i te hangarau tono ao. Hei hua tautoko nui mō te whakapai ake i te hangarau kawe waka, e matapaetia ana ka nui te whanaketanga o te pākahiko lithium hiko i roto i ngā tau 3-5 e whai ake nei.